This paper conclude the history and present situation of the research of the compression wave home and abroad ; summarize the forms dimensions of the railway tunnels and tunnel hoods abroad ; discuss the physics model and mathematics model of the air flow when high - speed train running in a tunnel and introduce the compulation method of the pressure in tunnels briefly 本论文首先总结了隧道压缩波研究的历史和现状：针对高速列车所引起的空气动力效应要求，统计了国外高速铁路隧道及各种缓冲结构的形式和尺寸。讨论了高速列车在隧道内运行中引起的空气流动物理模型和数学模型，并简单介绍了隧道内空气压力的计算方法。
